Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis – Condition Overview
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ that plays a vital role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. It may occur suddenly (acute pancreatitis) or develop gradually over time (chronic pancreatitis).
Acute pancreatitis is often a medical emergency, while chronic pancreatitis leads to permanent damage and long-term digestive problems if not treated properly.
Types of Pancreatitis
- Acute Pancreatitis: Sudden inflammation with severe abdominal pain
- Chronic Pancreatitis: Long-standing inflammation causing permanent damage
Symptoms
- Severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal tenderness
- Fever
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss (chronic pancreatitis)
- Oily or foul-smelling stools
- Diabetes in advanced cases
Causes
- Gallstones
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- High triglyceride levels
- Certain medications
- Abdominal injury or surgery
- Genetic and autoimmune conditions
Diagnosis
- Blood tests (amylase & lipase)
- Ultrasound or CT scan abdomen
- MRI / MRCP
- Endoscopic investigations if needed
Treatment & Management
- Hospitalization for acute pancreatitis
- Pain management and IV fluids
- Complete alcohol cessation
- Low-fat, nutritious diet
- Pancreatic enzyme supplements
- Endoscopic or surgical treatment if required
- Management of diabetes in chronic cases
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent serious complications such as pancreatic necrosis, infection, or organ failure.
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